How to Use Bibliotherapy ?
As the 1st way, it is important to mention that bibliotherapy can be conducted with either individuals, or groups.
In individual bibliotherapy,
literature is assigned to an individual for a specific need. The individual may either read the material, or the literature material may be read to one. Then, the activities that follow the reading are held by the individual. One discusses about the topic that is read, with the professional, writes a report, talks into the tape recorder, or expresses one's reaction in an artistic way. With the help of this kind of process, the individual becomes to be able to unblock emotions, eventually relieve emotional pressures. As an ultimate goal of individual bibliotherapy sessions, the individual is assumed to develop self awareness, an enhanced self concept, and improved personal and social adjustment.
On the other hand, when we look at the group sessions
that bibliotherapy is applied, it is obvious that the individuals are active not on their own, but in the group dynamic. The individuals read literature orally or listen while the professional read them. Group discussions and activities are then held. The individuals are assumed to become aware of the fact that they are not alone in their feelings, and that perceived problems can be shared by also other people.
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The 2nd way of classification of how to use bibliotherapy is dependent on the types of source materials that are used during the bibliotherapy sessions. These types can also be classified into two, as didactic texts, and imaginative literature.
Didactic texts are the ones that are educational,
instructional, and similar to textbooks that are in the traditional education process. These kinds of texts may be used to help some individuals who have problems in such topics, like child rearing, marriage and sexuality, personality conflicts, and/or coping with stress (Silverg, 2003). Thus, a direct change, and then a cognitive understanding of oneself are assumed to occur in an individual more rapidly.
Imaginative literature refers to the dramatic presentation of human behavior through fiction, poetry, drama, biography, and/or autobiography (Silverberg, 2003).